HUMAN NEURAL SYSTEM/ NERVOUS SYSTEM || What is Neurons ?

 HUMAN NEURAL SYSTEM/ NERVOUS SYSTEM 

• The human neural system, also known as the nervous system. 
• It is a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that coordinate and regulate the activities of the body.
•  It is responsible for transmitting signals between different parts of the body, allowing us to perceive and respond to our environment, control bodily functions, and engage in cognitive processes.
• The human neural system is responsible for a wide range of functions, including sensory perception, motor control, memory, learning, emotion regulation, and higher cognitive processes. 
• It plays a vital role in maintaining the overall health and functioning of the human body.

Types of Nervous system

 The neural system consists of two primary components:

1. Central nervous system (CNS) 
2. Peripheral nervous system (PNS).

Central Nervous System (CNS): 

The CNS is composed of the brain and the spinal cord. It serves as the main control center for the entire neural system. 

The brain is responsible for processing information, generating thoughts, emotions, and coordinating voluntary and involuntary actions.

 The spinal cord acts as a pathway for transmitting signals between the brain and the rest of the body.

Peripheral Nervous System (PNS):

 The PNS consists of nerves that extend from the CNS to the various parts of the body. It is further divided into two subdivisions:

a. Somatic Nervous System: 

This division controls voluntary movements and transmits sensory information from the body's sensory organs to the CNS. It enables us to interact with our environment consciously.

b. Autonomic Nervous System (ANS):

 The ANS regulates involuntary actions and maintains homeostasis in the body. It controls functions such as heart rate, digestion, breathing, and glandular activity. The ANS is further divided into the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions, which often have opposing effects on bodily functions.

What is Neurons ?

Neurons are the basic building blocks of the neural system. They are specialized cells that transmit electrical and chemical signals, known as nerve impulses or action potentials. Neurons communicate with each other through junctions called synapses. The synapses allow the transmission of signals from one neuron to another, forming complex neural networks.

Apart from neurons, the neural system also includes supporting cells called neuroglia or glial cells. Glial cells provide structural support, nourishment, and insulation to neurons. They also contribute to the overall functioning and health of the neural system.